The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the synthetic dye Red 3 from the national food supply in January 2023, requiring manufacturers to remove it from various products, including candies and medications, by 2027 and 2028 for drugs. Research has linked Red 3, or erythrosin, to cancer in laboratory rats, prompting the FDA’s action, although officials caution that similar effects may not occur in humans. Artificial colors, derived from petroleum, are commonly used to enhance food’s appearance, with nine dyes currently permitted in the U.S., including Red 3, blue 1, and yellow 5.
Consumer advocates have long pushed for banning artificial dyes due to health concerns, particularly in children associated with behavioral issues like hyperactivity. While the FDA has noted a lack of adverse effects from these additives, certain children may exhibit sensitivity. Growing momentum against synthetic dyes is evident, with California leading the charge by banning several artificial colors in public school food. Joining the discourse, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., newly appointed Secretary of Health and Human Services, promises to address the issue of artificial dyes in the food supply.
Natural dyes, derived from sources like beet juice, are seen as potential alternatives, though they present stability challenges compared to synthetic options. To avoid synthetic dyes, consumers are encouraged to read ingredient labels, as these additives are widespread in processed foods.
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