A newly discovered species of Spinosaurus, named Spinosaurus mirabilis, is reshaping our understanding of this iconic dinosaur, which existed in what is now Niger around 95 million years ago. Characterized by its distinctive scimitar-shaped crest and large sail, this discovery challenges the prevailing view that Spinosaurus was primarily an aquatic predator. Instead, new research suggests it spent significant time wading through rivers rather than swimming in open water.
Unearthed in an inland river system in 2019, the striking black fossil revealed high phosphate content, indicating its unique environment. The discovery involved local Tuareg guides and was a thrilling moment for the research team led by University of Chicago paleontologist Paul Sereno.
Fossil evidence, including jaw and skull fragments, shows that Spinosaurus mirabilis thrived hundreds of miles from coastlines. Further explorations revealed a partial crest, which, through CT scans and 3D reconstructions, led to insights about its possible keratin covering.
Researchers speculate that the large crest may have served social functions, aiding in communication during mating and territorial disputes, similar to how bright colors attract mates in modern animals.
The assumption that Spinosaurus was primarily aquatic is being re-evaluated; the discovery in inland rivers suggests that it likely hunted in shallow waters, utilizing its robust legs to navigate and catch large fish rather than relying on swimming. Sereno describes it as a "hell’s heron," suggesting it spent most of its time in shallow water, further indicating that the sail may have hindered efficient swimming.
